The surfactant can reduce the surface tension of water by adsorption on the gas-liquid two-phase interface, and also can reduce the interfacial tension by adsorbing in the liquid interface. Many surfactants can also aggregate into aggregates in the body solution.
Vesicles and micelles are all such aggregates. Surfactants begin to form the concentration of micelles called critical micellar concentration or CMC. When the micelles are formed in the water, the tail of the micelle forms the core of the oil droplets, and their (ionic/polar) heads form a shell to keep contact with the water. The surfactant is concentrated in oil, and the aggregates are the antimicelles. In the anti-micelles, the head is in the nucleus and the tail remains in full contact with the oil. Surfactants are usually divided into four groups: anions, cations, non-ions, and amphoteric ions (double electrons). The thermal dynamics of surfactant systems are important, both in theory and in practice. Because the surfactant system represents a system between the state of order and disorder. Surfactant solutions may contain an ordered phase (micelle) and disordered phase (free surfactant molecules and/or ions). Micelles - the lipid end of the surfactant molecules are gathered inside the micelles to avoid contact with the polar water molecules. The polar hydrophilic tip of the molecule is exposed to the outside, and it ACTS with the water molecules of the polarity and protects the hydrophobic groups inside the micelle. The compounds that form micelles are usually amphiphilic molecules, so the general micelles can be dissolved in non-polar solvents in the form of antimicelles in addition to the polar solvents such as water.
Commonly used detergent, for example, can improve the water in the soil infiltration capacity, but the effect lasted for several days, many standard washing powder contains a certain amount of chemicals, such as sodium and bromine, because they can destroy plants, not suitable for the soil). Commercial soil wetting agents will continue to work for a period of time and will eventually be degraded by microbes. However, some will have an impact on the biological cycle of aquatic organisms, so it is important to be careful to prevent these products from flowing into the surface runoff, and excessive products should not be washed away.
adsorption
Positive adsorption in solution: increased wettability, emulsification and foaming properties;
Adsorption of solid surface: non-polar solid surface single layer adsorption,
Multilayer adsorption can occur on the polar solid surface.